The Bank of England and European Central Bank interest-rate decisions were among the main highlights at home and in the eurozone this afternoon, while US stock markets retreated on the back of weakening technology shares today.
The BoE has decided to keep interest rates unchanged at 0.5%, as anticipated, but surprised the markets by announcing the purchase of an additional £50 billion worth of assets, upping the size of its quantitative easing programme to £125 billion. The BoE had not been expected to make this announcement until at least next Wednesday, when it publishes its quarterly inflation report and economic forecasts.
The Central Bank expects to complete the programme in another three months and will keep the scale of the programme under review. However, the big question is: why would the central bank ‘prematurely’ announce the asset purchase extension?
Earlier this week, the National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR) forecast that the UK economy could contract by 4.3% this year, far worse than the European Commission’s (EC) predictions of a 3.8% contraction and the UK government’s expectation of a 3.5% drop this year. Could it be that the BoE is implementing additional quantitative easing because its forecasts for economic growth were too optimistic?
‘We are a little taken aback by the decision to increase the quantitative easing target by 50 billion pounds. We had thought it more likely that the Monetary Policy Committee would sit and wait to assess the impact of the existing programme rather than expand it right away,’ said Philip Shaw, economist at Investec. ‘Clearly, committee members have been spooked by some poor backward-looking domestic and international economic data. But the statement also points out that forward looking numbers are showing promising signs.’ [1]
Further details of today’s decision will be made available in the minutes, scheduled for release at 9.30am on Wednesday, 20 May.
Elsewhere, the European Central Bank, in its monetary policy meeting, opted to cut interest rates by 25 basis points to a new record low of 1%. The bank has emulated the UK and US by adopting a quantitative easing policy in order to stimulate growth in the ailing region.
In a press conference, ECB President Jean-Claude Trichet said that policy members unanimously agreed on a plan to purchase €60 billion bonds and the ECB will offer banks longer-term loans: ‘The governing council has decided, in principle, that the eurosystem will purchase euro-denominated bonds issued in the euro area,’ Mr Trichet said today. [2]
At home, stock markets remained broadly unchanged following the interest-rate meeting, with investors continuing to focus on the US government’s stress test results, scheduled for release later today. Sentiment turned quickly towards the late afternoon session, however, with the FTSE 100 paring most of today’s gains – up only 11.74 points (+0.30%) to 4408.23. In the meantime, the Dow Jones Industrial Average and S&P 500 were down by more than 0.7% to 8437.57 and 913.23 respectively.
US markets were weighed down by technology and telecom companies, which fell after JP Morgan cut its rating on AT&T and Verizon from ‘neutral’ to ‘overweight’. [3] AT&T shares plunged 4.6% to $25.47 while Verizon fell 4.2% to $29.48.
Meanwhile, certain US banks continued to hold on to their values despite the fresh bout of negativity, with Citigroup up by 4.4% to $4.03. Bank of America advanced 13% to $14.36, Bank of New York Mellon gained 1.3% to $30.86, but Wells Fargo and US Bancorp fell more than 3.5% to $25.74 and $20.53 respectively. Investors should also be aware of the Federal Reserve’s stress test results, scheduled for release later today.
In economic news, jobless claims data didn’t bode well for sentiment either: Although the Labor Department said that the number of American’s claiming first-time unemployment benefits (initial jobless claims) fell by 34,000 to 601,000 last week, the total number of Americans claiming unemployment benefits for more than one week (continuing jobless claims) surged by another 56,000 to 6.351 million – the highest since the government started keeping track in 1967.
On an encouraging note, however, non-farm productivity, a gauge of business health, appeared to defy the recession, rising by an annualised rate of 0.8% in the first quarter following a 0.4% plunge the quarter before. The latest figure was more than double the 0.3% rise expected by economists in a Dow Jones Newswires survey and the improvement was attributed to greater efficiency gains derived from cost cutting exercises.
[1] Source: Bloomberg News (May 6 2009)
[2] Source: Wall Street Journal website (May 6 2009)
[3] Source: Bloomberg News (May 6 2009)
By Anthony Grech, Research Analyst, IG Index.
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